Metal cold forming
Metal workpieces forming under high pressure without heating, chemical, or other treatment. The shape is pressed onto the metal surface using special stamps.
Characteristic properties
- High-accuracy manufacture of products with complex geometry.
- Such products require virtually no additional surface treatment.
- This method is suitable for working with both soft, malleable high-ductile alloys and hard steels.
Types
- Bulk forming is forming of products with complex geometric shapes from flat workpieces. The parameters are differently changed while forming a relief with recesses and protrusions of varying depths.
- Sheet forming is a cold stamping technology for sheet metal, when the thickness of the metal remains unchanged.
Process engineering
- Preparation of the workpiece: selection of a suitable material and its shape.
- Die design: creation of a die to precisely match the required parameters.
- Die manufacture: dies are manufactured using high-precision technologies (mechanical processing, electric erosion machining, etc.).
- Die molding: the workpiece is placed in the press and formed under pressure. It is important to control pressure and speed to avoid damaging the material.
- Post-processing: after the cold forming, additional processing such as grinding, polishing, or coating with protective agents may be required.
Depending on the method of workpiece formimg, there are:
- Extrusion: manufacturing a part by using a die to shape sheet metal or a workpiece into a complex form.
- Upset: forming a prototype product by subjecting it to repeated impact loads.
- Bulk forming: the workpiece is pressed from different sides to take the desired shape.
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